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Sub-Saharan Africa · Lower middle income · IMF WEO April 2026 · World Bank WDI

GDP▲ 11.6%
Current prices2025
2USD bn
GDP per capita▲ 9.2%
Current prices2025
1,769USD
Real GDP growth▲ 0.4 pp
Annual change2025
3.8%
Inflation▼ 1.8 pp
Average consumer prices2025
3.2%
Government debt▼ 0.5 pp
General government, gross2025
29.5% of GDP
Current account▼ 0.6 pp
Balance2025
-2.9% of GDP
Population▲ 2.2%
Total2025
0.91million

Real GDP growth, %

Since 1995 · lighter bars = IMF projection
-1.80.05.71995: 5.6%1996: -0.5%1997: 4.4%1998: 0.0%1999: 2.7%2000: -1.0%2001: 5.4%2002: 4.6%2003: 1.9%2004: 3.1%2005: 5.7%2006: -1.8%2007: 0.8%2008: 4.0%2009: 3.2%2010: 3.8%2011: 4.1%2012: 3.2%2013: 4.5%2014: 2.1%2015: 1.1%2016: 3.3%2017: 3.8%2018: 3.6%2019: 1.8%2020: -0.2%2021: 2.0%2022: 2.6%2023: 3.0%2024: 3.3%2025: 3.8%2026: 4.1% (IMF projection)2027: 4.1% (IMF projection)2028: 3.8% (IMF projection)2029: 3.6% (IMF projection)2030: 3.6% (IMF projection)2031: 3.6% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

Inflation, %

Average consumer prices · lighter bars = IMF projection
-0.00.012.41995: 3.2%1996: 2.4%1997: 1.5%1998: 1.2%1999: 1.1%2000: 5.9%2001: 5.6%2002: 3.6%2003: 3.7%2004: 4.5%2005: 3.0%2006: 3.4%2007: 4.5%2008: 4.8%2009: 4.8%2010: 3.9%2011: 2.2%2012: 5.9%2013: 0.4%2014: -0.0%2015: 0.9%2016: 0.8%2017: 0.1%2018: 1.7%2019: 3.7%2020: 0.8%2021: -0.0%2022: 12.4%2023: 8.5%2024: 5.0%2025: 3.2%2026: 3.7% (IMF projection)2027: 2.5% (IMF projection)2028: 2.5% (IMF projection)2029: 2.5% (IMF projection)2030: 2.5% (IMF projection)2031: 2.5% (IMF projection)IMF projection19952000200520102015202020252030

IMF outlook

IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026 · italics = IMF projection
Indicator2021202220232024202520262027202820292030
Real GDP growth %2.02.63.03.33.84.14.13.83.63.6
Inflation, average consumer prices %-0.012.48.55.03.23.72.52.52.52.5
GDP, current prices USD bn1111222222
GDP per capita, current prices USD1,5491,4391,5271,6211,7691,9512,0322,1102,1922,288
GDP per capita, PPP Int. USD3,3643,5703,7293,8624,0314,2234,3974,5434,6914,850
General government gross debt % of GDP27.930.231.530.029.532.433.832.130.028.5
General government net lending/borrowing % of GDP-2.8-3.9-1.3-2.7-2.3-1.1-1.7-1.9-1.1-1.2
Current account balance % of GDP-0.3-0.4-1.5-2.3-2.9-4.2-4.4-3.1-3.4-3.2
Population million0.820.850.870.890.910.930.950.970.991.01

Government debt, % of GDP

General government gross debt
0.060.72000: 61%2001: 53%2002: 48%2003: 44%2004: 42%2005: 40%2006: 38%2007: 36%2008: 33%2009: 32%2010: 30%2011: 28%2012: 25%2013: 10%2014: 12%2015: 14%2016: 16%2017: 19%2018: 18%2019: 22%2020: 26%2021: 28%2022: 30%2023: 31%2024: 30%2025: 29%2026: 32% (IMF projection)2027: 34% (IMF projection)2028: 32% (IMF projection)2029: 30% (IMF projection)2030: 29% (IMF projection)2031: 27% (IMF projection)IMF projection2000200520102015202020252030

Current account, % of GDP

Balance of payments
-6.10.01.82000: -0.1%2001: 1.8%2002: 0.4%2003: -0.9%2004: -2.4%2005: -3.4%2006: -3.2%2007: -2.9%2008: -6.1%2009: -4.1%2010: -0.3%2011: -3.6%2012: -3.2%2013: -4.0%2014: -3.8%2015: -0.3%2016: -4.4%2017: -2.2%2018: -3.0%2019: -3.5%2020: -1.8%2021: -0.3%2022: -0.4%2023: -1.5%2024: -2.3%2025: -2.9%2026: -4.2% (IMF projection)2027: -4.4% (IMF projection)2028: -3.1% (IMF projection)2029: -3.4% (IMF projection)2030: -3.2% (IMF projection)2031: -3.0% (IMF projection)IMF projection2000200520102015202020252030

Economic structure

Value added by sector, % of GDP · World Bank
AgricultureManufacturingOther industryServices
YearStructureAgricultureIndustryManufacturingServices
199529.412.2–54.5
200529.412.2–54.5
201530.610.47.355.4
202536.69.97.248.8

Income, trade and society

World Bank WDI · change over 10 years
IndicatorLatestUnitYear10Y change
GNI per capita, Atlas method1,950USD2025+31.8%
GNI, Atlas method2USD bn2025+59.9%
Exports of goods and services9.3% of GDP2025-0.8 pp
Imports of goods and services31.6% of GDP2025+3.9 pp
Life expectancy at birth67.0years2024+4.5%
Urban population33.9% of total2025+3.6 pp

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026; 2026 onwards are IMF projections) · World Bank World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)